CAER | 白云丽 等：道路通达是否对农村贫困人口有利？

*中文标题和摘要系简单翻译，可能存在部分错误，请以英文为准

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Yunli Bai, Tianhao Zhou,Zhiyuan Ma, Linxiu Zhang (2021). Does road accessibility benefit rural poor? Evidence on the extent of household off-farm employment from 2004 to 2018. China Agricultural Economic Review. ahead-of-print

全文链接：

https://doi.org/10.1108/CAER-06-2020-0150

作者：Yunli Bai、Tianhao Zhou、Zhiyuan Ma、Linxiu Zhang

题目：道路通达是否对农村贫困人口有利？来自2004年至2018年家庭非农就业程度的证据

摘要：

本文旨在探讨基础设施在中国农村家庭收入增长和减贫中的作用，估计了道路通达程度对家庭非农就业的影响及其对不同收入水平和收入能力的群体的异质影响。本文使用2005年、2008年、2012年、2016年和2019年在五个省的100个村庄约2000户家庭中收集的具有全国代表性的面板数据，使用Tobit模型、零膨胀泊松模型和静态非平衡面板模型得到了一致的估计结果。我们发现，道路通达程度通常不会对非农劳动力的数量和非农就业时间产生影响，然而，道路通达没有有利于低收入村庄或受教育程度低的家庭，但它通过促进当地的非农就业使高收入村庄的家庭受益或者通过增加农民工的非农就业时间使受教育程度高的家庭受益。本文确定了道路通达程度对农村家庭非农就业的异质影响，填补了研究空白并丰富了相关文献。实证结果表明，道路通达扩大了非农就业中的差距，这对于缓解2020年后中国的相对贫困至关重要。

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of infrastructure on the income growth and poverty reduction of rural household in China by estimating the impact of road accessibility on the extent of household off-farm employment and its heterogeneous effects among the groups with different income level and earning capacity.

Design/methodology/approach – Using nationally representative panel data collected in 100 villages about 2000 households across five provinces in 2005, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2019. This study adopts Tobit model with panel data, zero-inflated Poisson model and static nonbalanced panel model to yield consistent results.

Findings – We find that road accessibility generally has no effect on the number of off-farm laborers and duration of off-farm employment. However, road accessibility is not beneficial for the households in the low-income villages or with low educational attainment, but it benefits the households in the high-income villages by promoting local off-farm employment or with high educational attainment by increasing the duration of migrant off-farm employment.

Originality/value – This study identifies the heterogeneous effects of road accessibility on the extent of offfarm employment among rural households, which narrows the research gap and enriches the literature. The empirical findings imply that road accessibility widens the gap between rich and poor in off-farm employment, which is of great important to the alleviation of relative poverty after 2020 in China.

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